Nta mpamvu yo gukoresha RFID? Nta mpamvu yo gukoresha ubucuruzi bushya!

Dufate ko hari ikintu gishya kiri mu iduka ry’imyenda. Abakiriya 100 bahagarara imbere yacyo ku manywa, 30 muri bo binjira mu cyumba cyo gushyiramo imyenda, ariko amaherezo umuntu umwe gusa ni we uyigura. Bisobanura iki? Nibura imyenda iraryoshye iyo uyirebye bwa mbere, ariko hashobora kubaho ibibazo bimwe na bimwe ku miterere yayo, cyangwa imyenda ishobora kuba "itoranya" cyane ku buryo abantu benshi batabasha kuyifata. Birumvikana ko bidashoboka ko abakozi bake bakurikirana ingendo z’aba bakiriya buri munsi.

"Kwinjira" kwa interineti mu nganda gakondo byatumye bigorana kuyisobanura nk'ubwoko runaka bw'inganda. Ni uruhe ruhare rw'ingenzi rwa interineti? Imwe ni ikoranabuhanga, ritari rihari mbere ariko ubu rirahari, kandi rihagije mu guhindura ingeso za kera z'abakoresha n'imiterere y'inganda, nka moteri zishakisha amakuru n'umuziki wo kuri interineti; indi ni imikorere myiza, akenshi igerwaho binyuze mu kuvugurura umutungo usanzwe. Gushyira mu bikorwa kugira ngo kunoze imikorere. Urugero rworoshye ni uko porogaramu yo gukodesha resitora yemerera abaguzi gutegereza ameza iyo bari hafi ya resitora, birinda imirongo miremire.

Ubucuruzi bushya ni ubwa nyuma, bufite imikorere myiza kurushaho. Inganda zisanzwe zicuruza ibicuruzwa zimaze imyaka myinshi zinengwa. Kuva kuri Wal-Mart, Macy's, na Sears kugeza kuri Carrefour, Metersbone, na Li-Ning, amasosiyete akomeye n'abashinzwe ibicuruzwa barimo gufunga amaduka hirya no hino ku isi. Buri sosiyete ifite impamvu zayo, ariko muri make, ni ukudakora neza. Inganda zisanzwe zicuruza ibicuruzwa buhoro cyane. Bifata amezi make gusa kugira ngo umwenda ushushanywe kandi ugurishwe. Impinduka mu miterere n'ibirarane by'ibikoresho ntibishobora kwirindwa. Ibirango byinshi by'imyenda byaguye muri uyu mutego. Icyamamare cya Internet Zhang Dayi kivuga ko ashobora kugurisha miliyoni 20 z'amayuan mu masaha 2 yo kureba amashusho ya televiziyo ntakore ububiko. Abanza kwishyura amafaranga hanyuma akajya mu bucuruzi bunini. Ugereranyije n'inganda zisanzwe zicuruza ibicuruzwa, itandukaniro riragaragara.

Ni gute wakongera imikorere myiza y’inganda zisanzwe zicuruza ibicuruzwa? Ni iki gishya ku bucuruzi bushya? Ubucuruzi ni uburyo bugoye bukubiyemo uruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa kuva ku bubiko bw’ibicuruzwa kugeza ku kugurisha ibicuruzwa. Hari umwanya wo kunoza imikorere muri buri sano, ariko bifitanye isano itaziguye n’abaguzi. Uburyo bwonyine bwo kuvugana n’abaguzi ni uko amaduka akorera hanze y’urubuga. Niba ushaka kunoza imikorere, ugomba kureka amaduka akagira amaso n’ubwonko bwo gusobanukirwa abaguzi n’ibyo bakunda. Ishingiro ni ukumenya amakuru y’abakoresha hanyuma ukongera kuzamura uruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa.

Byatangiye bisa nk'aho ari inzozi, ariko iyo urebye muri supermarket ya Amazon yitwa Amazon Go, yamaze kugerageza gukora amaduka yayo neza. Koresha porogaramu winjire muri iyo duka hanyuma uhite usohoka nyuma yo gufata ibintu. Kamera na sensor bizafata amajwi ibyo buri muntu yatwaye hanyuma bigakuraho amafaranga kuri porogaramu ye. Mu gihe kizaza, niba inshingano z'abakozi bo mu maduka ari nko kubara ibicuruzwa, ese turacyakeneye gushaka abakozi benshi bo mu maduka no kubaha imishahara myinshi?

Birumvikana ko Amazon Go ikiri nziza cyane ku nganda zicuruza ubu, kandi ikoranabuhanga ntiriragera ku rwego rwo hejuru. Iyo abakiriya buzuye iduka, "amaso y'imashini" ashobora gukora amakosa. Niyo mpamvu yatinze gufungura kandi yagiye igerageza amazi mu bakozi ba Amazon gusa. Byongeye kandi, iyi miterere y'iduka ishingiye ku mibereho y'Abanyamerika, aho abakozi bahenda cyane kandi hari abaturage bake bo mu mijyi. Nagiye kuri Amazon Go hepfo y'icyicaro gikuru cya Amazon i Seattle mbere. Nubwo yafunze saa cyenda z'ijoro, nta banyamaguru bari bahari mu muhanda muto wari uhakikije igihe umwijima wari utangiye kwira. Bitewe n'umubare w'abaturage n'ubucuruzi bw'imijyi yo mu cyiciro cya mbere cy'Ubushinwa, ishobora gusenywa mu minota mike.

Ese hari ubundi buryo bworoshye bwo gutuma amaduka arushaho kuba meza? Abacuruzi batangiye gufata inguzanyo mu nganda zikora ibikoresho. Tumenyereye kohereza ibicuruzwa mu buryo bwa elegitoroniki imbere mu gihugu binyuze mu gushakisha barcode no kwinjiza cyangwa gusoma amakuru yo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu buryo bwa elegitoroniki. Ariko, amasosiyete manini yo mu mahanga nka DHL muri rusange akoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo kumenya umurongo wa radiyo ryitwa RFID kugira ngo asimbure barcode. Hafi kimwe cya gatatu cy'amasosiyete akorera ibikoresho ku isi ariyo akoresha, kandi Uburayi ni ubwa mbere kandi buzwi cyane kurusha Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.

RFID ishobora kumvikana nk'ikoranabuhanga risa n'iryo kwishyurana hafi y'aho utuye, rishingiye ku kohereza ibimenyetso bidahuye hagati y'ibintu bibiri biri hafi cyane. Ariko, intera ikora neza ya NFC ni munsi ya santimetero 10, ni ukuvuga ko telefoni igendanwa ifite ApplePay ishobora gukoreshwa hafi y'aho utuye. Amafaranga ashobora gukurwaho gusa nyuma yo kwakira amafaranga kugira ngo habeho umutekano w'amafaranga; kandi intera ikora neza ya RFID ni metero zigera kuri icumi. Inganda zikora serivisi zo gutanga amakuru zikoresha umuvuduko wihuse zishyiraho Tag ya Rfids ku dusanduku two gupakira, kandi ibikoresho byo gusoma biri hafi bishobora gushakisha no kubona amakuru ari imbere nta kuyabona n'amaso. Bituma imirongo yo gutondeka yihuta cyane ishoboka. Byongeye kandi, ikoreshwa no mu gukurikirana amapaki, gucunga ibinyabiziga bitwara abantu, nibindi.

Amaduka acuruza ikoranabuhanga afata iri koranabuhanga akarishyiramo Ibirango bya RFID byo kumesa imyenda cyangwa Ibirango bya RFID by'imyendabitagaragara ku birango by'imyenda. Buri Igipapuro cy'imyenda cya Rfid bihuye n'umwenda udasanzwe. Ni kangahe uyu mwenda ukurwa mu bubiko buri munsi? Nyuma yo kwinjira mu cyumba cyo gushyiramo imyenda, haguzwe imyenda myinshi ifite imiterere imwe, kandi ingendo z'ibyo bicuruzwa zagaragaraga neza inyuma. Ikora ku micungire y'imyenda imwe kandi igatanga amakuru yo gusesengura ibyo abakiriya binjira mu iduka bakunda gukoresha, ibyo bikaba bidashoboka kugerwaho mu bucuruzi gakondo.

Isosiyete y’imideli yihuta ya Zara ikunzwe ku isi yose, atari ukubera imiterere yayo myiza n’ubwiza bw’imyenda, ahubwo ni ukubera imicungire yayo myiza cyane. Iyo ikintu kiri ku gikoresho kidahari, gishobora kongera kugurishwa vuba. Ibi bisaba gukurikirana amakuru ako kanya no kuyasubiza. Muri iki gihe, ibigo byinshi mpuzamahanga birimo gukoresha tagi za RFID, tagi za RFID, tagi za RFID, tagi za RFID n'ibindi, kuko iri koranabuhanga rishobora no kugira uruhare mu kurwanya ubujura no kurwanya amahimbano.

Nk'umuntu Ikimenyetso cy'ubucuruzi cya RFID hamwe n'amakuru yayo bwite, RFID ni igikoresho cyo ku rwego rwo hejuru mu bushakashatsi bushya bw'ubucuruzi. Uretse amaduka y'ubucuruzi, imishinga y'amaduka adafite abapilote nayo igerageza kuyikoresha. Niba ushaka kumenya inenge zayo, ku ruhande rumwe, ikiguzi kiri hejuru gato. Igiciro cya RFID tag n'ikirango cya barcode kiri hagati y'amasenti make n'amadolari make. Guhindura porogaramu n'ibikoresho by'iduka rito bishobora gutwara hafi amadolari 1000, bityo si ibicuruzwa byose bikwiriye RFID tag. Ku rundi ruhande, ingano y'amakuru ishobora kubona ni imwe gusa kandi iracyari ku rwego rw'ibanze, kandi ukuri ko kumenyekana ntikiragera aho kitagira amakosa.

Abantu bakora mu maduka acuruza ibintu bidafite abaguzi bavuga ko ubu bishoboka kwinjiza umukiriya umwe icyarimwe hanyuma ukagenda nyuma yo kugifata. Ibisobanuro ni uko ikimenyetso cya RFID cyonyine kidashobora guhuza ibicuruzwa runaka n'umukiriya runaka, nacyo kikaba ari kimwe mu bibazo Amazon Go ikemura. Byongeye kandi, uburyo bwo gushyiraho uburyo bwayo bwo kurwanya uburiganya nabwo bugomba gusuzumwa.

RFID izaba amahitamo meza nk'igikoresho cy'ingenzi cy'inyongera mu maduka mashya mu gihe kizaza.